Background of the Study
Voter education programs play a crucial role in ensuring active political participation, as they provide citizens with the knowledge necessary to make informed electoral decisions (Suleiman & Ibrahim, 2024). In Nigeria, however, gender disparities in voter education programs have often been overlooked, leading to unequal access to information for men and women, particularly in rural areas (Ahmed & Bello, 2023). In Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State, women face several barriers to political participation, such as cultural norms, illiteracy, and restricted access to information (Ali & Usman, 2025). These disparities in voter education programs contribute to lower levels of female participation in elections, despite efforts to promote gender equality in governance (Shuaibu & Tijani, 2024). This study investigates the extent to which gender disparities in voter education programs exist in Zaria and how these disparities impact women’s political engagement and electoral participation.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
In Zaria Local Government Area, women have often been excluded from effective voter education, leading to lower political awareness and participation compared to men (Jibril & Ado, 2023). This problem is exacerbated by societal norms that limit women's access to public information and decision-making processes (Kari & Sule, 2024). As a result, the gender gap in political participation persists, undermining efforts to achieve gender equality in local governance. This study seeks to explore the gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria and assess their impact on women’s involvement in politics.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To examine the extent of gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria Local Government Area.
To assess the impact of gender disparities in voter education on women’s electoral participation in Zaria.
To explore the factors contributing to gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria.
1.4 Research Questions
What are the key gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria Local Government Area?
How do gender disparities in voter education impact women’s participation in elections in Zaria?
What factors contribute to gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
There are significant gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria Local Government Area.
Gender disparities in voter education programs negatively affect women’s electoral participation in Zaria.
Cultural and social factors are the primary contributors to gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant because it highlights the need for gender-inclusive voter education programs that ensure equal access to political information for both men and women. By addressing these disparities, the study could inform the development of more effective electoral engagement strategies and policies that enhance women’s participation in the political process in Zaria and other similar regions.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on gender disparities in voter education programs in Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State. It will examine the various forms of voter education and assess how these programs are received by male and female participants. Limitations include challenges in accessing comprehensive data on voter education programs and possible biases in self-reported data from respondents.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Voter Education Programs: Programs designed to inform citizens about the electoral process, voting rights, and how to participate in elections.
Gender Disparities: Unequal treatment or access based on gender, often resulting in disadvantages for women.
Electoral Participation: Active engagement in the electoral process, such as voting, campaigning, or advocating for political candidates.
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